Agricultural waste disposal through composting

• Seasonality. Straw arrives after harvest; vegetable waste arrives in market cycles. Reception and buffer storage are sized on the peak, and the fermentation schedule has to absorb interruptions.
• Particle size. Straw needs shredding to below about 50 mm to compost in a reasonable time; whole bales will still be recognisable after a season.
• Carbon and nitrogen balancing. Vegetable waste and manure supply nitrogen, straw supplies carbon; designing the two together is what makes a year-round recipe possible.
• Contamination. Plastic mulch, twine and packaging are common in agricultural waste; separation at reception protects every machine downstream.
• Land application alternatives. Where residues have a direct use, the plant has to compete on cost and convenience, not only on processing.

Notes from our own records on agricultural waste disposal and converting residues into organic fertilizer.

Agricultural waste is the byproducts of agriculture production. Its sources is wide, such as farmland, poultry or livestock farm, plantation and so on. How to dispose the agricultural waste? Composting will be the best choice. Because organic waste can become nutrient-rich organic fertilizer by composting. However, not all agricultural waste is compostable. In terms of compostable agricultural waste and effective agricultural waste disposal. We will have detailed description in the following parts.

What kind of agricultural waste can be recycled for fertilizer production? As we all know, microorganism activity lasts for the whole composting process, where microorganism digest or decompose organic matters and convert them into humic substance. Therefore, as one of economical agricultural waste disposal method, composting is only suitable for organic agricultural solid waste. And the following organic waste are compostable agricultural waste:

• Organic waste from farmland: Straw, wheat straw, corn straw, vegetable leaves and so on.
• Animal farm organic waste: Chicken manure pig manure, cattle manure, horse manure, sheep manure and so on.
• Organic waste from plantation: Leaves and small branches, rotten fruit and so on.

Economical and environmentally friendly agricultural waste disposal method The common agricultural waste disposal methods include burning, dumping, land filling, random piling and so on. All these methods may cause pollution and waste of resources. Above mentioned agricultural organic wastes contains multiple nutrient elements, which can be made into organic fertilizer. Meanwhile, the organic fertilizer can be used for agricultural production again. Therefore, it is an economical and environmentally friendly agricultural waste disposal method to deal with waste by composting. In addition, if you want to make commercial organic fertilizer, you also can adopt organic fertilizer production line.

Agricultural waste disposal---composting Firstly, you should collect organic waste. Organic waste like straw and leaves not only can be composted separately, but added to animal manure as auxiliary materials to adjust water content and C/N ratio. Here, you must make straw and leaves into small pieces. In addition, for organic waste with higher moisture, you should adjust its water content to about 55%. Because both too much and too little water will inhibit the composting process. And then you can put these wastes in a container or place them in long rows or fermentation grooves. Then the composting starts. Microorganism will decompose the organic matters while consuming water and oxygen. At the same time, the temperature of compost pile will increase. Therefore, you should regularly turn the compost pile, so as to guarantee the full and even fermentation of organic waste. After 20 to 30 days, you can get high quality organic fertilizer.

Agricultural waste disposal---organic fertilizer production line

You can apply fermented organic waste in farmland or sell it to other people. For the latter, you need to further process fermented organic waste. There are two production schedules, powdery organic fertilizer and granular organic fertilizer production. For the production of powdery organic fertilizer, you need to crush and screen the fermented organic fertilizer. By this means, you can make fine and pure fertilizer powder. Finally, you can make bagged organic fertilizer by automatic packaging machine.

And the other commercial organic fertilizer is fertilizer pellets. Besides crushing and screening, you also need to granulating organic fertilizer. With the help of water and granulator, powdery organic fertilizer becomes pellets. Because wet granulation will increase the water content of fertilizer pellets, you need to remove extra water by drying and cooling, Before packaging, you need to screen organic fertilizer again, so as to attain pellets with uniform size and beautiful appearance.

To turn agricultural waste into fertil i zer, what agriculture compost machine can you choose from YUSHUNXIN? The application of agriculture compost machine can save labor and shorten fermentation process. The main function of compost machine is to improve composting conditions by turning and stirring, such as water content, oxygen content and temperature. YUSHUNXIN provides you three types compost machines. Windrow composting equipment: During operation, windrow composting equipment straddles the windrows. At the same time, stirring apparatus on the equipment will evenly turn the agricultural organic waste and crushing potential waste caking.

Compost turner for fermentation grooves: You can build a groove to place organic waste. And the compost turner will move on the paralleled walls. The shafts on the roller will stir organic waste in the groove. Aerobic fermentation pot: YUSHUNXIN aerobic fermentation pot belongs to a container for composting. It is equipped with stirring apparatus, air supply system, biological deodorization system, which can automatically compost organic waste with any pollution in 7 to 10 days.

Other YUSHUNXIN Organic fertil i zer facilities for a gricultural w aste d isposal As above, besides composting equipment, agricultural waste disposal also includes bagged fertilizer production. And the production of bagged fertilizer production includes:

Preparations for agricultural waste fertilizer granulating Crushing process with vertical crusher: Crushing equipment can eliminate potential caking and produce fine fertilizer power. The fine powder can provide great convenience for the formation of fertilizer pellets. If you want add other nutrient elements to agricultural waste fertilizer, the crushed fertilizer powder is easier for mixing and blending.

Screening process with rotary screen machine: The purity of fertilizer decides the quality of organic fertilizer. Therefore, you should adopt screening equipment to select out impurities. In addition, you can also use it after granulating, which can select out unqualified fertilizer pellets, so as to guarantee the final products’ quality.

Granulation of powdery agricultural waste fertilizer Granulating process with YUSHUNXIN granulator: Because the water content of fermented agricultural waste is near 30%, it is not easy to make pellets. Therefore, all organic fertilizer granulators in YUSHUNXIN adopts wet granulation. That is to say, water or steam will involve in granulating process. With double action of water and granulator, powdery fertilizer will gradually become pellets. Here are four kinds of organic fertilizer granulators for you to choose, pan granulator, new type agricultural waste fertilizer granulator, rotary drum granulator and rotary drum stirring granulator. All of them have high granulation rate and high output.

Drying and cooling process: The standard water content for commercial fertilizer pellets is no more than 10%. So you should reduce water content in fertilizer pellets by rotary drying machine. And then you can adopt rotary cooling machine to take extra heat away. And then, the fertilizer pellets will enter next step.

Packaging of agricultural waste fertilizer pellets The belt conveyor sends fertilizer pellets to the YUSHUNXIN fertilizer pellets packaging machine. With the help of one person, the fertilizer packaging machine can finish feeding, filling, sealing and packaging. There is no-bucket, single-bucket and double-bucket packaging machine. Compared with no-bucket and single-bucket fertilizer packaging machine, double-bucket fertilizer bagging machine can greatly improve production efficiency and produce two different specifications at the same time. If your fertilizer production line is small scale, the former two types packaging machines are enough.

YUSHUNXIN professional solutio n s on agricultural waste disposal for our customers in I ndia We sold one granular organic fertilizer production line to Indian customer. And they bought this production line for agricultural waste disposal. The raw materials for making organic fertilizer is cow manure and straw. In addition, they adopt vermicomposting to deal with these organic wastes, which is economical and environmentally friendly. Because vermicompost is a kind of high-quality organic fertilizer. They install a straw crusher in the farmland to finish recycling of agricultural waste---straw. With the involvement, they convert cow manure and straw into organic fertilizer. Then, they adopt YUSHUNXIN Organic fertilizer pellets production line to make agricultural waste fertilizer pellets. Furthermore, we designated our engineer to help them install and operate these machines. We hope the agricultural waste management in India can give you new ideas on agricultural waste disposal.

• Common agricultural waste management problems and solutions

The water content of raw material: The water content influences the air permeability of compost pile, which can also indirectly affect the fermentation result. The suitable water content for composting is 50% to 60%. According to the condition of agricultural waste, you can adopt solid-liquid separator machine to reduce water content or add water to achieve standard.

The control of fermentation temperature: As we all know, temperature is an important factor during composting. Therefore, you should regularly record the temperature of compost pile. If the stays too high or too low for several days, you should turn the compost pile in time or check the water content.

Application of fermented organic waste: When the composting ends, you should not directly apply composted organic waste to land. Because unstable compost may bring harm to land and plants. You should pile it up and leave it alone for several days.

How does our straw crusher work in agricultural waste disposal?